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small business · ~30 min

Should I hire W-2 or contractor? (small business)

Last verified: 2026-09-08Lumina seed `hire-w2-vs-contractor-decision`

Not legal, tax, or HR advice. Paths are leans from your pasted control facts—not determinations. Flag state rules [NEED COUNSEL].

Top picks

Best Overall

Claude

Holds labeled paths and paste-only rules without inventing numbers.

Open Claude

Best Free

ChatGPT Free

Fast scorecard + path labels from one pack.

Open ChatGPT

Best Power-User

Claude + second pass in ChatGPT

Tree in one; invented-fact / tone check in the other. Gemini is also solid. You own the call—AI only structures options.

Open Claude

Protocol

  1. Paste facts (5–8 min).

    Assemble only what you actually know. Mark gaps [MISSING] / [NEED FACT]. Do not invent rates, BATNA, legal outcomes, or benchmarks. Distinct from job-posting-from-role-notes: that assumes you already decided to hire. This small-business tree is the classify-then-hire gate. Paths are leans from your paste, not determinations.

    Paths at a glance

    PathLean this way when (from your paste)
    A — W-2 leanYou need to control how/when/where work is done; ongoing role; tools/benefits/integration look employee-like per your facts.
    B — Contractor leanYou control mainly the result; worker sets methods; provides own tools; time-bounded deliverable—per facts you paste.
    C — Restructure as projectNeed is real but role shape is ambiguous—buy a scoped deliverable first instead of an open-ended hire.
    D — Don't hire yetOvertime, deferral, or process fix covers the gap; classification facts incomplete → [NEED COUNSEL] / [MISSING].
  2. Lock decision-tree rules (step 2).

    Paste the rules first so the model cannot mint a legal determination, tax savings, or a safe classification.

    Copy-paste prompt

    Help me run a W-2 vs CONTRACTOR decision tree for one role/need.
    Hard rules:
    - Use ONLY control/independence facts I paste. Do not invent legal outcomes, tax savings, penalties, or safe classifications.
    - Frame IRS-style categories (behavioral, financial, relationship) as a READING AID for my facts—not a determination.
    - Mark state-law issues [NEED COUNSEL]. Not legal, tax, or HR advice.
    - Paths: Path A W-2 lean / Path B Contractor lean / Path C Restructure as project / Path D Don't hire yet.
    - Do not pick for me. No invented rates or headcount ROI.
    Confirm in one sentence, then wait for my pack.
  3. Fill pack (step 3a) and generate (step 3b).

    Paste the pack, then send the generate command. The model must not pick a path for you.

    Paste pack

    ROLE / NEED IN PLAIN LANGUAGE: [ ]
    DURATION (ongoing role vs time-bounded project): [ ]
    BEHAVIORAL CONTROL FACTS (who sets hours, methods, training, where work happens): [ ]
    FINANCIAL CONTROL FACTS (who provides tools, expenses, how paid, opportunity for profit/loss): [ ]
    RELATIONSHIP FACTS (benefits, exclusivity, key-to-business, written agreement notes): [ ]
    STATE(S) WHERE WORK IS PERFORMED: [ ] → flag [NEED COUNSEL] for state tests
    TEMP / AGENCY OPTION I ACTUALLY HAVE: [or NONE]
    CAN I RESTRUCTURE AS A FIXED-SCOPE PROJECT?: [yes/no + notes]
    ALTERNATIVES TO HIRING (overtime, defer, automate)—real only: [or NONE]

    After you send the filled pack, copy the Generate command in the next box and paste it into the SAME chat so the AI runs the decision tree / produces the output.

    Generate command — copy and send this next (same chat)

    Build the decision tree now:
    1) Facts vs [MISSING]
    2) Scorecard table: Criterion | My fact | Lean (+/0/− or NEED FACT) | Note
    3) Path A W-2 lean / Path B Contractor lean / Path C Restructure as project / Path D Don't hire yet — for each: when it fits, what must be true from my pack, 3 owner-verify bullets
    4) Do NOT pick for me. Do not invent facts.
  4. Choose a path (step 4); optional wording.

    Only after you pick a labeled path. Owner-verify: facts still match your pack; [MISSING] gaps filled or accepted; any sendable wording uses only terms you authorize.

    Path wording

    I chose Path [A/B/C/D]. Draft a short internal decision note (not a legal opinion) summarizing my pasted facts and next owner steps.
    If Path A/B, list what I still need from counsel/payroll. No invented compliance claims.
  5. Second-model check (step 5).

    In the other tool, paste the tree plus your fact pack:

    Second-model check

    Here is a W-2 vs contractor tree from another assistant plus my fact pack.
    Find: (1) invented legal determinations or tax savings, (2) missing [NEED COUNSEL] where state rules matter, (3) control facts twisted to force contractor status, (4) any prescription presented as law.
    Return only corrections. Not legal advice.
  6. Human decide and act (step 6).

    Pick one path. Fill [NEED FACT] gaps from real sources. Send or implement yourself—AI drafts are not approvals, contracts, classifications, or tax elections. After a W-2 lean, use the job-posting how-to for the public posting.

When not to

  • Not legal, tax, or HR advice. Misclassification risk is real—use counsel/payroll for determinations.
  • Do not paste SSNs or full employee files into consumer AI tools.
  • Union, government contractor, or counsel-owned classification reviews—use their process.
  • Skip if you have no control/independence facts yet—write those down first.

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